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After Joshuas death the tribes of Judah and Simeon join forces in the southern Negev — destroying the Canaanite town of Zephath and renaming it Hormah ("devotion to destruction") completing what the earlier presumptuous Israelite attack at the same place had failed to do.
Judges 1:17 records the joint Judah-Simeon campaign in the southern Negev: "And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they slew the Canaanites that inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it. And the name of the city was called Hormah." The renaming preserved the herem ("devotion to destruction") that the tribes had executed. The new name "Hormah" had earlier been applied to the same region after the Amalekite defeat of Israel's presumptuous attack against Moses's warning (Numbers 14:45) — the original "Hormah" of mourning becoming the second "Hormah" of victory three generations later under the unified southern tribes.
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