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King Ur-Nammu of Ur issued the oldest surviving law code — predating Hammurabi by three centuries.
Around 2100 BCE, Ur-Nammu (or possibly his son Shulgi) compiled a legal code that prescribed fines for injuries rather than the 'eye for an eye' retaliation found in later codes. The surviving fragments cover assault, divorce, agricultural disputes, and slavery. It demonstrates that sophisticated legal thinking existed in Mesopotamia long before the more famous Code of Hammurabi.
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