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First Roman emperor, whose census decree brought Mary and Joseph to Bethlehem for the birth of Jesus.
Extensively attested in Roman inscriptions, coins, and the Res Gestae Divi Augusti (autobiography inscribed at the Temple of Augustus in Ancyra, modern Ankara)
Born Gaius Octavius, he became the adopted heir of Julius Caesar and ruled Rome from 27 BC to AD 14. His reign ushered in the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace across the empire that facilitated the later spread of Christianity. Luke's Gospel places the nativity during a census ordered under his rule.
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