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A Bashan stronghold celebrated as a symbol of Israels self-confident military boast in Amos prophecy
BashanKarnaim ("two horns") appears in Amos 6:13 as a symbol of Israel's arrogant self-reliance under King Jeroboam II: "Ye which rejoice in a thing of nought, which say, Have we not taken to us horns by our own strength?" — a sarcastic wordplay on Karnaim and the nearby Lo-debar ("nothing") that Israel had captured in its Bashan conquests. The town is anciently attested as Ashtaroth-Karnaim, where Chedorlaomer's eastern coalition defeated the Rephaim during Abraham's day (Genesis 14:5). Identified with Sheikh Saad in the southern Hauran about twenty miles east of the Sea of Galilee, the site was a major regional cult and trade center across multiple eras.
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