Naphtalis Fortified Towns of the Lower Galilee

Joshua 19:33-38 traces the boundaries of Naphtali's inheritance in lower Galilee and lists nineteen fortified cities within the allotment. The border ran from Heleph and the oak in Zaanannim through Adami-nekeb and Jabneel to Lakum, then back via Aznoth-tabor and Hukkok. The interior list of fortified towns includes Adamah, Ramah, Hazor, Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor, Iron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh. Naphtali's territory commanded the routes between the Sea of Galilee and the Mediterranean watershed — strategically vital but repeatedly the first to fall when invaders swept through Galilee.

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